A woman which presents with symptoms from the urinary tract (difficulty in urination, urinary urgency, etc), and the urine cultures show no microbes, then she may suffer from Female Urethral Syndrome.

It is not uncommon in urological practice to confront with a woman with symptoms resembling uurinary tract infection, but urinary cultures showing no microbes. 

Female Urethral Syndrome is a diagnosis of exclusion, and a series of examinations are required in order to exclude other diseases that share the same symptoms (urinary tract infection, interstitial cystitis, stones, tumour of the bladder, etc) 

It is important to differentiate Female Urethral Syndrome from interstitial cystitis, because many researchers consider the two diseases to be part of a common complex, and Female Urethral Syndrome as a precursor of interstitial cystitis. 

Treatment of this syndrome is based on combination of pharmaceutical treatment, dilations of urethra, and psychological support.